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Novice Linux guy here

I have a huge (5G) linux-security-patches tar. Upon extracting, I see its got loads of rpms. What is the most efficient way to install them all ? Also, is it same as installing each rpm individually ?

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RPMs should be with rpm or yum. If there is no some kind of install script within the tar file, the simplest (and cleanest) way to install all of them in one go with yum:

yum localinstall *.rpm
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Both rpm & yum support wildcards. In RHEL 7 and later yum is suggested for rpm packages also - it'll handle dependencies better than rpm.

So issue the command:
yum install *rpm

(yum localinstall is not needed in RHEL 6 and later)

Still due to the number of RPMs (you mention loads of them) you might face dependency problems; in that case try to install in batches of fewer RPMs. Move some of them to another directory for example and repeat.

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